From 34e46e0ede6284d0ca4b1b0b46a6257c062ee803 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: waldek Date: Wed, 12 May 2021 12:00:19 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] updates the broken machines doc --- certificates/advanced/ideas.md | 34 +++++++++ modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_5.png | Bin 0 -> 1606 bytes modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_6.png | Bin 0 -> 8123 bytes modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_7.png | Bin 0 -> 9865 bytes .../qualifying/exercise_broken_machines.md | 68 ++++++++++++++++-- 5 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) create mode 100644 certificates/advanced/ideas.md create mode 100644 modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_5.png create mode 100644 modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_6.png create mode 100644 modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_7.png diff --git a/certificates/advanced/ideas.md b/certificates/advanced/ideas.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..500456d --- /dev/null +++ b/certificates/advanced/ideas.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +# Hardware + +* compare `/proc/interrupts` between a physical machine, a VM and a Raspberry Pi +* compare `/proc/ioports` between a physical machine, a VM and a Raspberry Pi +* compare `/proc/dma` between a physical machine, a VM and a Raspberry Pi +* install a physical machine, first with BIOS, next with UEFI via debian expert install +* inspect the link between `kernelspace` and `userspace` via `strace` +* learn about device ID's via `udev` rules +* manage hdd's in a VM to explore SATA, SCSI, etc +* install debian on a LVM and expand with a second disk +* add a new hdd after installation, format, mount it and add it to fstab + +# Booting + +* replace systemd with sysV + +# Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands + +* explore different shells +* basic regex exercises +* vim regex exercises on html/md files +* sed exercises for multiple files + +# 103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes + +* deep dive into htop with strace and lsof +* use ps and pgrep for scripting purposes +* practical usage of `nice` with compilation tests +* `nohup` + +# 104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links + +* git dotfiles with symlinks +* nginx sites-enabled vs sites-available diff --git a/modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_5.png b/modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_5.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a15029c081fa3c4db66809be959f13107cfab27b GIT binary patch literal 1606 zcmeAS@N?(olHy`uVBq!ia0y~yV7kD-z&L?}2`IwRdcX=uaTa()7BevL9RXp+soH$f z3=FJ4JY5_^D(1Ys6Iry_K!71Y-L(BlhfJ|ujI&6t$JwOxPxrzNJhC_$b0401%m_5( z!{ypFucPXA>3Hwjxi0&s=hj_cHq@=m2|u&>(Arfw#xV~MdPSM`U*9QxthDglE0>}_ zB{KaFpFK<4Jtx*Z{iwa^%|pI6|2a&q=u30|t6j&j;A!!0yXmQ!vH$zs+9pnu)x2u? zuOsZ6aKXj9S!Rds8r*xn?$;-eOX+_)jTa`HbIb4~ch~Ix;@A0qYjeSd9E%^*&pRhv zPu~_BJ9))D-p$IJxAumujD5X}Ezj!vos^lEyb{-EzuUHrVa8YWyA^tAVfO=cPJi-Y z-F9}a;==VUiSL0@6;YIIV@DWO)R$7`|7Flck96Q zNBra^nSGFB` zH>dr8=)S!{E917`Zr^zOLhj7tqL#;(o@)IY9P`EHNldjio1KfL!9{y2k5?TY!Ucr>r&YFkv|m*)IZGqD=eRTK55AAc`3Kk%x-si4$3yK`k_ zejae(owxO-_xm-InHcs@dH;gpz}6J$1OFdBzRJk3^TurlUy0G< literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_6.png b/modules/qualifying/assets/debian_broken_6.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e50b9ab1098d4b3ebf3e9275efddb1f833d9ce7c GIT binary patch literal 8123 zcmeHs_g53!*Z0tsDk^a43L;mKBBCGyQRz|zLa$NZa_m18S0zRU^q*a9*k z*}rBiI6p4yapNP-W-04qK+}87a3o`jm54-I^}bCVTcNAcC`Lias?7iZ-NpcwTil*R zmQMU1VrGv8ZIDRhjQ5Xt*HJY?Q=p?xu(tSg7XxdzSp_kD1HtyZ1xj8v#L`sGTWjV+ zFZ2wXwatW%h5m}Wad8IW%F8yFLq${+BT|w;ucR|()btOyd+``cGGS7;?S4$21w)`GwB zRQh-T9dG}V5hlvIOY_^L>DpYiGmt$Gpc>pzBgd{8g6fc@>}CHK-IeB_R)sqUb$k=r z%O&u|a2S9x+eaAwAw6&|u;DNLP`(10(iG6cvm!VtM7~)7UN=Ycq6A||EX4srX8Q+# zf6l0){h3vlf${?y{)agIvSb6V&5!N6oRFr3?0$3A26QVCn)9pK$6F(@;OX9=R4z}t z9z

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The username and password of the first account created is isib/isib unless mentioned in the exercise. -## Broken Machine 1 +## GRUB problems + +### Broken Machine 1 I messed up and forgot to install grub during the Debian installation. Can you find a way to fix this for me please? @@ -12,21 +14,77 @@ Thanks! ![broken 1](./assets/debian_broken_1.png) -## Broken Machine 2 +#### Tips + +How did this happen? +Well, you probably encountered the *black screen of death* on one or more Linux VM's yourself. +When at the very last stage of the Debian installation you forget to install GRUB you created this problem yourself. +The installation is complete and functional but the system has no way of booting. +There are a lot of different approaches to fix this but they all boil down to the same solution. +You need to install GRUB on the MBR of the HDD `/dev/sda`. + +Luckily there are dedicated live disk images (ISO's) to fix this. +I would recommend having a look at [supergrub2](https://www.supergrubdisk.org/). + +### Broken Machine 2 This machine seems to boot into `htop` and nothing else! There must be a way to fix this without having to reinstall the machine. ![broken 2](./assets/debian_broken_2.png) -## Broken Machine 3 +#### Tips + +Your GRUB configuration is causing this! +Luckily by default GRUB offers a *recovery mode* in it's *advanced options*. +This will drop you into a shell where you can fix the configuration file I messed up. + +### Broken Machine 3 Not `htop` again! ![broken 3](./assets/debian_broken_3.png) -## Broken Machine 4 +#### Tips + +I said *by default* before no? +Well, here the *recovery mode* is missing so you'll have to find a way to override the `init` parameter of GRUB so you can get a shell to fix what I messed up. + +### Broken Machine 4 I forgot my password... ![broken 4](./assets/debian_broken_4.png) + +#### Tips + +Overriding the `init` parameter in GRUB is a classic Linux hack. +If you have physical access to a Linux machine you can gain `root` access with the following method. +The easiest way to protect a machine form this attack is to do full disk encryption or to set a GRUB password. + + +## Disks and problems + +### Broken Machine 5 + +Somebody erased the MBR from the HDD. +Can you put a new one on there? +Don't forget to install GRUB again once the HDD is fixed. +This is a tricky one but there are quite a few tutorials online to help you out. + +![broken 5](./assets/debian_broken_5.png) + +### Broken Machine 6 + +The root partition is pretty much full but the disk is big enough to house more data. +Can you please enlarge the disk so we can comfortably use the machine again without running into `no space left on device` issues? + +![broken 6](./assets/debian_broken_6.png) + +### Broken Machine 7 + +The install works but the root partion is rediculously small. +Luckily the installation was done on a LVM volume so we can add more disks to it! + +![broken 7](./assets/debian_broken_7.png) +