details guest additions
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@ -247,3 +247,104 @@ Minimal means **no graphical environment**.
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I advise you to **not** set a root password.
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I advise you to **not** set a root password.
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Once this machine is up and running, install a few programs.
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Once this machine is up and running, install a few programs.
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The only one we saw up until now is `htop` but maybe try out `bmon`, `elinks` and/or `ranger`.
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The only one we saw up until now is `htop` but maybe try out `bmon`, `elinks` and/or `ranger`.
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## Guest additions
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Let's make our user experience a bit nicer.
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Virtual machines can *integrate* with the host machine more fluently when you install the guest additions in the VM.
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It's a three step process.
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1. install the required packages to build the guest additions in you VM
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1. insert the guest additions CD into your VM
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1. run the correct script from the CD
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The dependencies can be installed as follows.
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First you `update` your package list, next you install three packages.
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* `build-essential`
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* `dkms`
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* `linux-headers-$(uname -r)`
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The *third* package name is a bit weird looking no?
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This is a bit of command line kung fu.
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The actual *name* of the package is as follows.
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```
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ echo linux-headers-$(uname -r)
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linux-headers-5.10.0-11-amd64
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waldek@hellodebian:~$
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```
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The `$(uname -r)` is a call to a program called `uname` with the option `-r`.
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We'll go more into detail on this later.
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```
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo apt update
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Hit:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease
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Hit:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease
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Hit:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
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Reading package lists... Done
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Building dependency tree... Done
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Reading state information... Done
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All packages are up to date.
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo apt install build-essential dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)
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Reading package lists... Done
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Building dependency tree... Done
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Reading state information... Done
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The following additional packages will be installed:
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binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu dctrl-tools dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-10 gcc gcc-10 libalgorithm-diff-perl
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libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan6 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc-devtools libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev
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libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libfakeroot libgcc-10-dev libitm1 liblsan0 libnsl-dev libstdc++-10-dev libtirpc-dev libtsan0 libubsan1
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linux-compiler-gcc-10-x86 linux-headers-5.10.0-11-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-5.10 linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev patch
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Suggested packages:
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binutils-doc debtags debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-10-multilib gcc-10-doc gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc
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gcc-10-multilib gcc-10-locales glibc-doc libstdc++-10-doc make-doc ed diffutils-doc
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The following NEW packages will be installed:
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binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential dctrl-tools dkms dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-10 gcc gcc-10 libalgorithm-diff-perl
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libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan6 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc-devtools libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev
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libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libfakeroot libgcc-10-dev libitm1 liblsan0 libnsl-dev libstdc++-10-dev libtirpc-dev libtsan0 libubsan1
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linux-compiler-gcc-10-x86 linux-headers-5.10.0-11-amd64 linux-headers-5.10.0-11-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-5.10 linux-libc-dev make
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manpages-dev patch
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0 upgraded, 43 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
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Need to get 62.0 MB of archives.
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After this operation, 258 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
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```
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Once this is done we can **insert** the CD.
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You can verify the disk's content via the files explorer in gnome.
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Now, open a terminal and run the following.
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```
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waldek@hellodebian:/media/cdrom0$ cd /media/cdrom0/
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waldek@hellodebian:/media/cdrom0$ ls
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AUTORUN.INF NT3x TRANS.TBL VBoxLinuxAdditions.run VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe
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autorun.sh OS2 VBoxDarwinAdditions.pkg VBoxSolarisAdditions.pkg VBoxWindowsAdditions-x86.exe
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cert runasroot.sh VBoxDarwinAdditionsUninstall.tool VBoxWindowsAdditions-amd64.exe
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waldek@hellodebian:/media/cdrom0$ sudo bash VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
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Verifying archive integrity... All good.
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Uncompressing VirtualBox 6.1.28 Guest Additions for Linux........
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VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
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Copying additional installer modules ...
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Installing additional modules ...
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel
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modules. This may take a while.
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: To build modules for other installed kernels, run
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup <version>
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: or
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup all
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the modules for kernel 5.10.0-11-amd64.
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update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-11-amd64
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VirtualBox Guest Additions: Running kernel modules will not be replaced until
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the system is restarted
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waldek@hellodebian:/media/cdrom0$ sudo reboot now
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```
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Once the machine is rebooted you'll can resize the window and the screen resolution will adapt automatically!
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You can also enable copy/paste and drag and drop between your host and VM now.
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