linux_introduction/essential

Essential Linux

Introduction to Linux

Where does Linux originate from?

• The spiritual mother of Linux is Unix.
• POSIX is not an OS in itself but a standard.
  • Which OS's are POSIX compliant

Who is behind this project?

• Who is Richard Stallmann?
• Who is Linux Torvalds?

What is the deal with 'GNU-slash-Linux'?

• GNU/Linux controversy
  • What is a kernel
  • What does GNU bring to the table?
  • What's the deal with userspace and kernelspace?
    • userspace
    • kernelspace

Where can you get some Linux?

• You probably already have a Linux computer running at home!

Debian

• Reasons to choose Debian.
• Why is Debian called the universal operating system?
  • comparison of CPU architectures
  • download Debian

How to create a virtual machine

Step by step walk-through of a VM creation in virtualbox with some notes on each step with best practice pointers.

Breakdown of the Debian installation

All right, enough talking, let's get started! I'll install a full blown and modern graphical Debian machine and I would like you to not do it yourself but take notes on each step so you'll be able to reference your notes later when I ask you to install a machine yourself.

• step by step installation instructions
  • don't set a root password, use sudo instead
  • stress the graphical/minimal difference

Exercise

OK, now it's up to you! Please install a Debian machine with the default graphical environment. Once installed, take some time out to explore the system. Which software is installed by default? How can you tweak the system settings such as language, keyboard, networking? Can you install extra software?

Package managers

• what is a package manager