Traduction jusqu'à exemple 2
This commit is contained in:
Gwendal Le Vaillant
parent
ef802ba0a9
commit
699bdff7bb
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
|
|||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||||
<link href="./markdown.css" rel="stylesheet"></link>
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
img:hover{
|
||||
color: #424242;
|
||||
-webkit-transition: all .3s ease-in;
|
||||
-moz-transition: all .3s ease-in;
|
||||
-ms-transition: all .3s ease-in;
|
||||
-o-transition: all .3s ease-in;
|
||||
transition: all .3s ease-in;
|
||||
opacity: 1;
|
||||
transform: scale(1.1);
|
||||
-ms-transform: scale(1.1); /* IE 9 */
|
||||
-webkit-transform: scale(1.1); /* Safari and Chrome */
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Pure Data
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
### Pure Data ?
|
||||
|
||||
*Pure Data est utilisé dans tous les champs de la création (musique, arts visuels, danse, théâtre, robotique, etc.) pour des performances visuelles et sonores ou la création d'installations interactives, participatives et génératives. Il possède des capacités particulières dans les domaines de la musique acoustique et de la musique audio-numérique : il sert à modéliser des instruments électroniques comme les synthétiseurs. Il permet la gestion d'échantillonneurs (samplers) et d'effets, la composition musicale, ou encore, la création de séquenceur MIDI, etc. Il peut également gérer des applications vidéo et 3D.*
|
||||
|
||||
*Avec Pure Data, il est possible également d'interfacer un programme avec le monde physique en utilisant des capteurs (caméras, détecteurs de présence, etc.) pour commander des robots, interagir avec des sites internet, ou encore effectuer une visualisation de données. En art appliqué, il est utilisé en design d'interaction, en architecture et pour créer des jeux.*
|
||||
|
||||
Source : [Manuel de PureData en français](https://fr.flossmanuals.net/puredata/introduction/)
|
||||
|
||||
### Obtenir PureData
|
||||
|
||||
Télécharger gratuitement depuis [le site web officiel](http://puredata.info/downloads/pure-data). La version à utiliser pour ce cours est PureData Vanilla, que l'on pourra compléter avec des plug-ins si besoin.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Versions
|
||||
|
||||
There are a few different versions of puredata available in the wild.
|
||||
Below is a small list but I would *highly* advise to start with puredata vanilla.
|
||||
The extended version is *very* dated now and I would not advise to use that one.
|
||||
|
||||
* puredata vanilla (the **main** version)
|
||||
* puredata extended (up until a few years ago the go-to version for most people)
|
||||
* Pd-L2Ork (same engine as vanilla but with different GUI)
|
||||
|
||||
#### libpd : pour intégrer PureData dans d'autres applications
|
||||
|
||||
PureData peut être intégré à d'autres application comme moteur audio. Cette technique est très utilisée par les développeurs d'applications et game designers.
|
||||
Cela requière des compétences de programmations qui vont au-delà de cette courte formation, mais il est important de noter que PureData est utilisé, et utilisable en dehors du pur *sound design*.
|
||||
|
||||
Lien utiles :
|
||||
* [libpd github](https://github.com/libpd)
|
||||
* [libpd in unity3D](https://github.com/Magicolo/uPD)
|
||||
* [camomille - VST creating with libpd](https://github.com/pierreguillot/Camomile)
|
||||
|
||||
## Interface
|
||||
|
||||
À l'ouverture, Pure Data n'affiche que la fenêtre principale, avec une barre de menu et un espace blanc en-dessous. Cette espace blanc sera la **console**, qui va afficher des infos utiles, des erreurs, ...
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
La fenêtre de programme audio, appelée fenêtre de **patch**, s'affiche lorsque l'on va dans le menu "Fichier" -> "Nouveau". C'est dans cette fenêtre que l'on va créer les boîtes, et les connections entre ces boîtes, pour créer graphiquement un programme audio.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### À faire :
|
||||
|
||||
* Créer un patch vide, ajouter une boîte Message (depuis le menu "Ajouter") et écrire à l'intérieur le texte : "hello world"
|
||||
* Enregistrer le patch
|
||||
* Fermer PureData, réouvrir le patch et vérifier que le message est toujours là.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Exemple 1: Hello World
|
||||
|
||||
PureData propose cinq types de boîtes de base pour la programmation graphique - toutes disponibles depuis le menu "Ajouter".
|
||||
Les deux types dont nous avons besoin pour cet exemple sont :
|
||||
|
||||
* Les boîtes **Objet**
|
||||
* les boîtes **Message**
|
||||
|
||||
Pour faire fonctionner ce "hello world", il faut connecter la sortie (*outlet* en anglais) de la boîte message "hello world" vers l'entrée (*inlet* en anglais) de la boîte objet "print".
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ce principe est valable pour toutes les boîtes : on relie la sortie d'une boîte à l'entrée d'une autre. S'il y a une incompatibilité de connection, PureData refusera de faire la connection - et un message d'erreur devrait s'afficher dans la console.
|
||||
|
||||
Les entrées des boîtes sont toujours en haut, les sorties sont en bas. En général, on écrit donc des patches Pure Data de haut en bas, avec les informations qui sont transmises des boîtes du haut vers les boîtes du bas.
|
||||
|
||||
Pour expliquer comment fonctionnent les objets, PureData fournit de l'aide en faisant un **clic droit**, puis en cliquant sur **Aide**.
|
||||
La fenêtre d'aide qui va s'ouvrir est elle-même un patch PureData : il est donc possible de le tester (en cliquant sur les boutons, en modifiant les valeurs) et de copier les boîtes pour les mettres dans ses propres patches.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
PureData a deux **modes** de fonctionnement :
|
||||
|
||||
* Le mode d'**édition** (pour éditer les boîtes et les connections)
|
||||
* Le mode **normal**, ou mode de **jeu** (pour interagir avec les boîtes)
|
||||
|
||||
Pour passer d'un mode à l'autre, il faut utiliser le raccourci **Ctrl+E**.
|
||||
Toutefois, il est possible de jouer avec une boîte alors qu'on est en mode d'édition, est maintenant la touche **Ctrl** appuyée (par exemple : **Ctrl+Clic** sur une boîte, un slider, ...).
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* Dupliquer le patch hello world
|
||||
* Créer une deuxième boîte de message, avec un texte différent
|
||||
* Créer un second objet "print"
|
||||
* Passer du mode **édition** au mode **normal**, et cliquer sur les messages pour afficher du texte dans la console.
|
||||
|
||||
### Challenges:
|
||||
|
||||
* Changer le préfixe "print" qui s'affiche dans la console, pour différentes boîtes "print"
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [hello world patch](./resources/00_hello_world.pd)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 2: A simple calculator
|
||||
|
||||
Arithmetic can be done with **object** boxes.
|
||||
Besides object and message boxes we also have **number** boxes.
|
||||
You can click and drag these boxes to change the number inside.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
* why doesn't it always work?
|
||||
* what are creation arguments?
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [calculator patch](./resources/01_calculators.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [hot and cold inlets](https://puredata.info/docs/manuals/pd/x2.htm#s3.3)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 3: Bangs and triggers
|
||||
|
||||
To deal with the **hot and cold** design of puredata we can use two very useful objects:
|
||||
|
||||
* bangs
|
||||
* triggers
|
||||
|
||||
Bangs are an essential feature of puredata.
|
||||
They serve as triggers and can be very useful for visual feedback.
|
||||
Triggers take something (numbers, bangs, lists, messages, ...) as input and output from **right to left**.
|
||||
By including triggers in our patch we can be certain of the **order of operations**.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [triggers and bangs patch](./resources/02_bangs_and_triggers.pd)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 4: Timers and toggles
|
||||
|
||||
As a real time environment puredata uses the **metro** object to create timed events.
|
||||
To turn the metro on or off we need to connect a **toggle** to it's input.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The metro object takes milliseconds as an argument *or* on the **cold** inlet.
|
||||
Below is a small example conversion grid of BPM notes to msec.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
* can you make the output count up with each bang?
|
||||
* can you make a conversion that takes BPM as input and outputs 8th notes msec values?
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [timers and toggles patch](./resources/03_timers_and_toggles.pd)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Audio
|
||||
|
||||
## Setting up your audio device
|
||||
|
||||
From the **media** menu select the audio settings.
|
||||
Your settings will be different depending on your platform and soundcard.
|
||||
If you hear a lot of clicking then you should raise the block size.
|
||||
A good middle ground is 1024.
|
||||
Don't forget to turn on the **DSP** in the console window.
|
||||
Puredata can output very loud sounds so don't turn the volume up too much.
|
||||
|
||||
<p style="text-align:center;color:red;">!!!**PLEASE** don't turn your headphones up too much!!!</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [configuring puredata](http://write.flossmanuals.net/pure-data/configuring/)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 5: A simple synth
|
||||
|
||||
Up until now we only used data objects and connections.
|
||||
To create sound and connect audio inputs and output we use objects that have a tilde **~**.
|
||||
New control objects, **sliders**, are seen here.
|
||||
You can configure these sliders by right clicking them.
|
||||
|
||||
It's very important to modify the sliders in order to use them with audio signals.
|
||||
All audio signals flow between -1 and +1 as floating point numbers.
|
||||
In order to have working volume slider we multiply the audio signal with a value between 0 and 1 where 0.5 is half as loud.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [a simple synth patch](./resources/04_a_simple_synth.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [waveshaping](http://www.pd-tutorial.com/english/ch03s05.html)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 6: Some midi and music theory plus a musical synth
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The major scale is made up of the following pattern:
|
||||
|
||||
* a half note is **1** step
|
||||
* a whole note is **2** steps
|
||||
* an octave is **12** steps
|
||||
* the **5th** always sounds good with the root note! (**7** steps)
|
||||
|
||||
| degree | name | step size | relative midi value |
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
| 1st | tonic | root | 0 |
|
||||
| 2nd | supertonic | whole | 2 |
|
||||
| 3rd | mediant | whole | 4 |
|
||||
| 4th | subdominant | half | 5 |
|
||||
| 5th | dominant | whole | 7 |
|
||||
| 6th | submediant | whole | 9 |
|
||||
| 7th | leading note | whole | 11 |
|
||||
| 8th | tonic | half | 12 |
|
||||
|
||||
Below you can see the musical synth that plays the major scale starting at C4.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [a musical synth](./resources/05_a_musical_synth.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [what is midi?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI)
|
||||
* [musical scales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_scale)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 7: Controlling the musical synth
|
||||
|
||||
We can control the synth with the **key** object.
|
||||
The output of this object needs to be routed to the corresponding notes we want with the **route** object.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
A more common way to control music programs is by using MIDI devices.
|
||||
You can setup midi from the **media** menu and selecting **midi settings**.
|
||||
Puredata provides a simple patch to test and see the midi messages coming into the computer.
|
||||
It can be shown by clicking on the **media** menu and selecting **test audio and midi**.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [a musical synth](./resources/05_controlling_the_musical_synth.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [controlling the synth](http://write.flossmanuals.net/pure-data/controlling-the-synth/)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 8: Controlling with a gamepad
|
||||
|
||||
The **hid** object gives us access to gamepads and joysticks.
|
||||
Depending on the OS the object needs to be installed via the help menu **find
|
||||
externals** option.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
* try to add more controls to the synth
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [gamepad synth patch](./resources/07_gamepad_with_the_musical_synth.pd)
|
||||
* [gamepad synth with filter patch](./resources/08_gamepad_and_filter.pd)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 9: A drum machine
|
||||
|
||||
We can load and play soundfiles with the **readsf~** object.
|
||||
To build a simple sequencer we combine a **metro** with a counting loop,
|
||||
**mod** and **select**.
|
||||
|
||||
Below are the patches to both a simple and more complicated drum machine.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* create this patch yourself and try it out
|
||||
* how can you make this drum machine polyphonic?
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [simple drum machine](./resources/08_gamepad_and_filter.pd)
|
||||
* [advanced drum machine](./resources/09_advanced_drum_machine.pd)
|
||||
* **samples**
|
||||
* [drum samples zip file](./resources/808_drum_kit.zip)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Example 10: Putting it *all* together
|
||||
|
||||
The advanced drum machine sequencer can be used to create a patch that plays
|
||||
random *music* coupled with the simple synths from before.
|
||||
A new object is included in this patch called **vline~**.
|
||||
It is used to create volume or filter curves.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
* try to make something yourself!
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [music by numbers](./resources/10_putting_it_all_together.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [envelopes](http://write.flossmanuals.net/pure-data/envelope-generator/)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## A short intermezzo
|
||||
|
||||
While it is very important and satisfying to make your own puredata patches from scratch, there are a lot of extra libraries that can provide you with essential building blocks.
|
||||
Most of these can be installed with the build in package manager in puredata vanilla.
|
||||
You can access it by going to the menu **help** and choosing **find externals**.
|
||||
Some very useful ones are:
|
||||
|
||||
* mrpeach (for everything network and OSC related)
|
||||
* list-abs (list abstractions that make manipulating and searching lists very easy)
|
||||
* cyclone (a bunch of useful little gems)
|
||||
* comport (for interfacing with arduino and other serial devices)
|
||||
* hid (useful for gamepads and joysticks)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You can see all the externals that you have installed by going to the **help** menu and choosing the **browser**.
|
||||
Most libraries come with extensive help files to get you going in no time.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now, a *very* powerful collection of synthesizer building blocks is called **automatonism**.
|
||||
This is more than a library of abstractions, it makes puredata an easy to use modular synth.
|
||||
While I absolutely love this software, a basic understanding of puredata vanilla will go a long way.
|
||||
You can download automatonism from the link below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [automatonism](https://www.automatonism.com/the-software)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
\newpage
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# Video
|
||||
|
||||
## Creating a GEM window and drawing a pretty cube
|
||||
|
||||
GEM should come installed with puredata vanilla.
|
||||
If not, you can find it via the find externals menu.
|
||||
The best way to get familiar with GEM is to play around with the example files.
|
||||
You can find them in the **browser**.
|
||||
|
||||
The most basic way to get GEM going is to:
|
||||
|
||||
* **declare -lib Gem** enables the library of use
|
||||
* the **gemwin** object controls a window
|
||||
* the **create, 1** message will display the empty window
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now to display a simple shape in this window we need to add a **gemhead** object.
|
||||
This will compute everything attached to it at every frame.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This cube can be controlled with **messages** to the cube itself *and* by putting **objects** between the gemhead and itself.
|
||||
The same cube but with rotation, color control (including transparency) and XYZ control can be seen below.
|
||||
A light source is also added to introduce shade on the cube.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To project something onto the cube we add a **pix_film** object.
|
||||
This object needs to flow into a **pix_texture** object in order to be drawn.
|
||||
The object loads .mp4 files and can play them back, in loop if desired.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [the assets](./resources/assets.zip)
|
||||
* [the dancing cat](./resources/11_gem_intro.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [GEM intro](http://write.flossmanuals.net/pure-data/basics/)
|
||||
* [Ye olde GEM manual](https://puredata.info/downloads/gem/documentation/manual/manual)
|
||||
|
||||
## Particles
|
||||
|
||||
Besides displaying pictures and videos, GEM can animate particles.
|
||||
The way to draw them is very similar to the dancing cat.
|
||||
For each element we want to show and control separately we need different **gemhead**.
|
||||
Download the test files below and have a play with it, it will explain itself a lot better like that.
|
||||
Don't forget to download the assets as well, otherwise the video won't load.
|
||||
You can find the link below (it's the same file as the previous example).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Resources:
|
||||
|
||||
* **patches**
|
||||
* [the assets](./resources/assets.zip)
|
||||
* [a dancing cat with particles](./resources/11_gem_cat_with_particles.pd)
|
||||
* **online information**
|
||||
* [GEM particles](https://puredata.info/downloads/gem/documentation/tutorial/particles)
|
||||
|
||||
# Learning more about Pure data
|
||||
|
||||
That's it for me but if you want to learn more about puredata you should have a look at the links below.
|
||||
It's a list of tutorials and interesting work created with puredata.
|
||||
|
||||
* **documentation and tutorials**
|
||||
* [FLOSS manual](http://write.flossmanuals.net/pure-data/introduction2/)
|
||||
* [Rafael Hernadez youtube channel](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL12DC9A161D8DC5DC)
|
||||
* [puredata tutorials list](https://puredata.info/docs/tutorials/)
|
||||
* [Programming Electronic Music in Pd](http://www.pd-tutorial.com/english/index.html)
|
||||
* **videos of sound made with pure data and some GEM stuff**
|
||||
* [puredata drone](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1E52x15RYU)
|
||||
* [puredata sequencer 2015](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Nz0bxwoqQE)
|
||||
* [72-EDO algorithmic IDM in Pure Data](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4t5B6nPQGg)
|
||||
* [New Euclidean Rhythms Module in Pure Data Demo](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szFtVT5j69A)
|
||||
* [Pure Data - Particle-based Music Visualisation](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1k44Tr0pu4)
|
||||
* [webe.omnibox / PureData Visual with GEM (Test_02)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zs1lsw1q_gU)
|
||||
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 204 KiB |
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 67 KiB |
Loading…
Reference in New Issue