From 20dc44181794123831bd706d20dd0a918f7cb8de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yousri <54667@etu.he2b.be> Date: Fri, 15 Apr 2022 14:57:09 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] SecondVersion --- learning_python3.md | 193 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 137 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-) diff --git a/learning_python3.md b/learning_python3.md index 4d008c4..bb08c40 100644 --- a/learning_python3.md +++ b/learning_python3.md @@ -1184,6 +1184,18 @@ while counter <= 10: print("after the loop, counter: {}".format(counter)) ``` +
+ Another example + +```python3 +FirstValue = 2 +SecondValue = 0 +while FirstValue>SecondValue: + print("The second value is bigger") + SecondValue = SecondValue + 1 +``` + +
Two *extra* things might look new to you here. First the `import time` and `time.sleep(1)`, can you tell me what it does? @@ -1373,14 +1385,14 @@ if __name__ == "__main__": There is three types of logical operators. All operators returns boolean. -| Operator | Result | -|-----------------|----------------------------------------------| -| **And** | It send 'True' if all conditions are true | -| **Or** | It send 'True' if one of conditions are true | -| **Not** | It reverse the boolean result | +| Operator | Result | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------| +| **And** | It send `True` if all conditions are true | +| **Or** | It send `True` if one of conditions are true | +| **Not** | It reverse the boolean result | -Let's start example with 'And' operator! +Let's start example with `And` operator ! ```python3 CustomerName = "Jean" @@ -1394,9 +1406,51 @@ if CustomerAgreement and DealerAgreement : else: print(f"Oh no {CustomerName} and {DealerName} are disagreed ;( ") ``` -As you can guess, Jean and Paul are agreeing to the deal. If I had put 'False' in DealerAgreement, the result will be inverse. +As you can guess, Jean and Paul are agreeing to the deal. If I had put 'False' in DealerAgreement boolean, the result will be inverse. +Let's show an another example with the `Or` operator. +````python3 +def Choice_cold_hot(Temperature): + if Temperature <= 20 or Temperature >= 40: + print("Don't go outside") + else: + print("Let's go to the beach") + +if __name__ == "__main__": + Temperature = int(input("What is the temperature")) + Choice_cold_hot(Temperature) +```` +Look at this code, if the temperature is smaller than 20° or bigger than 40°, you must stay home and don't go to the beach. So, if I put 35° for temperature, it will say that you should go to the beach. + +Let's make an exercise. You have to take the previous code and use the `And` operator. + +
+ Spoiler warning + +````python3 +def Choice_cold_hot(Temperature): + if Temperature >= 20 and Temperature <= 40: + print("Let's go to the beach") + else: + print("Don't go outside") +if __name__ == "__main__": + Temperature = int(input("What is the temperature")) + Choice_cold_hot(Temperature) +```` +
+ +Now, we have used that operators, we can use the last logical operator. The `Not` operator sends the reverse of the result. + +````python3 +if __name__ == "__main__": + Gas = input("Do you want some gas") + if not Gas.startswith("y"): + print("Ok, no problem") + else: + print("That will be expensive") +```` +In this example, if you tap yes, the result will be reversed. # Lists The different built-in objects we've seen until now, such as `str` and `int` are simple [text](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#text-sequence-type-str) and [numeric](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex) types. @@ -1537,6 +1591,16 @@ print("{} closes the door behind him...".format(friend.capitalize())) **TODO pizza function with multiple arguments** +
+Simpler example + +````python3 +for i in range(5): + print(i) +```` + +
+ # Coding challenge - Cheerleader chant Can you make me a program that outputs this type of cheerleader chant? @@ -2630,101 +2694,118 @@ TODO add a countdown timer to the multiple choice game TODO event loop introduction -## wxpython helloworld +## Tkinter helloworld -The absolute most basic way to have a *hello world* GUI program up and running with wxpython is the following. +The absolute most basic way to have a *hello world* GUI program up and running with Tkinter is the following. ```python -import wx +from tkinter import * -app = wx.App() +root = Tk() -frame = wx.Frame(None, title="hello world") +MyLabel = Label(root,text="hello world") +MyLabel.pack() -frame.Show() - -app.MainLoop() +root.mainloop() ``` +Tkinter have two popular architectures, the Tcl and Tk. This two architectures are different, they have their own functionality and their own official documentation. +We are gonna use the Tk architecture. + +The Tk architecture is used to create a GUI widget. He adds a lot of custom commands, so the widget is very customizable. + +In the previous code,the `mainloop()` instruction allows us to open the main window and to not close immediately the window. +And then, the `Label()` method creates label in a layout. This method has many parameters to customize a label. The instruction `pack()` will be always call , this instruction can +add and adjust a widget. While it works we know better by now. We should include the `if __name__ == "__main__"` statement. ```python -import wx - - +from tkinter import * if __name__ == "__main__": - app = wx.App() - frame = wx.Frame(None, title="hello world") - frame.Show() - app.MainLoop() + root = Tk() + + MyLabel = Label(root,text="hello world") + MyLabel.pack() + + root.mainloop() ``` -The instance of `wx.App` is what will actually process our event loop and the `wx.Frame` is the content of our window. +The instance of `Tk()` is what will actually process our event loop and the `root` is the content of our window. We can customize `root` with instruction like geometry, title,etc. In the latter we will create our button and labels so should create our own class and inherit from it. ```python -import wx +from tkinter import * - -class MainWindow(wx.Frame): +class MainWindow(Frame): def __init__(self): - wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") - self.Show() - + Frame.__init__(self,master=None) + Label.__init__(self, text="hello world") + self.pack() if __name__ == "__main__": - app = wx.App() + root = Tk() + root.title("title of the window") + root.geometry("500x300") win = MainWindow() - app.MainLoop() + root.mainloop() ``` We can add content to the *frame*, such as labels, input boxes and buttons as follows. -Note the first argument to the `wx.StaticText` creation. -This is *where* we put the label *into*. -It kind of works but we'll encounter a **problem** when we pack more visual **objects** into the same frame. + ```python -import wx +from tkinter import * - -class MainWindow(wx.Frame): +class MainWindow(Frame): def __init__(self): - wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") - self.label = wx.StaticText(self, label="this is a label") - self.Show() + Frame.__init__(self,master=None) + Label.__init__(self, text="hello world") + #Label + MyLabel = Label(self, text="This is a label") + MyLabel.pack() + self.config(bg="yellow") + self.pack() if __name__ == "__main__": - app = wx.App() + root = Tk() + root.title("title of the window") + root.geometry("500x300") win = MainWindow() - app.MainLoop() + root.mainloop() ``` Let's try to put multiple visual object into the same frame. -```python -import wx +```python3 +from tkinter import * - -class MainWindow(wx.Frame): +class MainWindow(Frame): def __init__(self): - wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") - self.label = wx.StaticText(self, label="this is a label") - self.input = wx.TextCtrl(self) - self.button = wx.Button(self) - self.Show() - + Frame.__init__(self,master=None) + Label.__init__(self, text="hello world") + #Label + MyLabel = Label(self, text="This is a label") + MyLabel.pack() + #Button + MyButton = Button(self, text="I'm clickable!") + MyButton.pack() + + self.config(bg="yellow") + self.pack() if __name__ == "__main__": - app = wx.App() + root = Tk() + root.title("title of the window") + root.geometry("500x300") win = MainWindow() - app.MainLoop() + root.mainloop() ``` You see how they are *stacked* one on top of the other? -We can overcome this problem with [sizers](https://wxpython.org/Phoenix/docs/html/sizers_overview.html). -There are multiple ones we can use but let's dive into a first one called a **box sizer**. +We can overcome this problem with parameters of [pack()](https://wxpython.org/Phoenix/docs/html/sizers_overview.html). +We can also use other geometry managers like [grid()](https://www.pythontutorial.net/tkinter/tkinter-grid/) and [place()](https://www.pythontutorial.net/tkinter/tkinter-place/). ```python import wx