169 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
169 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
# VIM
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## VIM Tutors notes
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### Cool stuff
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- :set nu => ajoute les numeros de lignes
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- :set nonu => unset number
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### Text editing
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- i => Insert
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- A => Append text to the end of the line
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- diw => delete inner word
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- dw => delete a word
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### save and quit
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- :wq save and quit
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- !:q quit without saving
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# Lesson 1 SUMMARY
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1. The cursor is moved using either the arrow keys or the hjkl keys.
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h (left) j (down) k (up) l (right)
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2. To start Vim from the shell prompt type: vim FILENAME <ENTER>
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3. To exit Vim type: <ESC> :q! <ENTER> to trash all changes.
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OR type: <ESC> :wq <ENTER> to save the changes.
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4. To delete the character at the cursor type: x
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5. To insert or append text type:
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i type inserted text <ESC> insert before the cursor
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A type appended text <ESC> append after the line
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NOTE: Pressing <ESC> will place you in Normal mode or will cancel
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an unwanted and partially completed command.
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# Lesson 2 SUMMARY
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1. To delete from the cursor up to the next word type: dw
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2. To delete from the cursor to the end of a line type: d$
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3. To delete a whole line type: dd
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4. To repeat a motion prepend it with a number: 2w
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5. The format for a change command is:
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operator [number] motion
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where:
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operator - is what to do, such as d for delete
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[number] - is an optional count to repeat the motion
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motion - moves over the text to operate on, such as w (word),
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$ (to the end of line), etc.
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A short list of motions:
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w - until the start of the next word, EXCLUDING its first character.
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e - to the end of the current word, INCLUDING the last character.
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$ - to the end of the line, INCLUDING the last character.
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6. To move to the start of the line use a zero: 0
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7. To undo previous actions, type: u (lowercase u)
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To undo all the changes on a line, type: U (capital U)
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To undo the undo's, type: CTRL-R
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## Lesson 3 SUMMARY
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1. To put back text that has just been deleted, type p . This puts the
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deleted text AFTER the cursor (if a line was deleted it will go on the
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line below the cursor).
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2. To replace the character under the cursor, type r and then the
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character you want to have there.
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3. The change operator allows you to change from the cursor to where the
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motion takes you. eg. Type ce to change from the cursor to the end of
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the word, c$ to change to the end of a line.
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4. The format for change is:
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c [number] motion
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## Lesson 4 SUMMARY
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1. CTRL-G displays your location in the file and the file status.
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G moves to the end of the file.
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number G moves to that line number.
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gg moves to the first line.
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2. Typing / followed by a phrase searches FORWARD for the phrase.
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Typing ? followed by a phrase searches BACKWARD for the phrase.
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After a search type n to find the next occurrence in the same direction
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or N to search in the opposite direction.
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CTRL-O takes you back to older positions, CTRL-I to newer positions.
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3. Typing % while the cursor is on a (,),[,],{, or } goes to its match.
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4. To substitute new for the first old in a line type :s/old/new
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To substitute new for all 'old's on a line type :s/old/new/g
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To substitute phrases between two line #'s type :#,#s/old/new/g
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To substitute all occurrences in the file type :%s/old/new/g
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To ask for confirmation each time add 'c' :%s/old/new/gc
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To change every occurrence of a character string between two lines,
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type :#,#s/old/new/g where #,# are the line numbers of the range
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of lines where the substitution is to be done.
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Type :%s/old/new/g to change every occurrence in the whole file.
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Type :%s/old/new/gc to find every occurrence in the whole file,
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with a prompt whether to substitute or not.
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## Lesson 5 SUMMARY
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1. :!command executes an external command.
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Some useful examples are:
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(Windows) (Unix)
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:!dir :!ls - shows a directory listing.
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:!del FILENAME :!rm FILENAME - removes file FILENAME.
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2. :w FILENAME writes the current Vim file to disk with name FILENAME.
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3. v motion :w FILENAME saves the Visually selected lines in file
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FILENAME.
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4. :r FILENAME retrieves disk file FILENAME and puts it below the
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cursor position.
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5. :r !dir reads the output of the dir command and puts it below the
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cursor position.
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## Lesson 6 SUMMARY
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1. Type o to open a line BELOW the cursor and start Insert mode.
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Type O to open a line ABOVE the cursor.
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2. Type a to insert text AFTER the cursor.
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Type A to insert text after the end of the line.
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3. The e command moves to the end of a word.
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4. The y operator yanks (copies) text, p puts (pastes) it.
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5. Typing a capital R enters Replace mode until <ESC> is pressed.
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6. Typing ":set xxx" sets the option "xxx". Some options are:
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'ic' 'ignorecase' ignore upper/lower case when searching
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'is' 'incsearch' show partial matches for a search phrase
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'hls' 'hlsearch' highlight all matching phrases
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You can either use the long or the short option name.
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7. Prepend "no" to switch an option off: :set noic
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## Lesson 7 SUMMARY
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1. Type :help or press <F1> or <HELP> to open a help window.
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2. Type :help cmd to find help on cmd .
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3. Type CTRL-W CTRL-W to jump to another window.
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4. Type :q to close the help window.
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5. Create a vimrc startup script to keep your preferred settings.
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6. When typing a : command, press CTRL-D to see possible completions.
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Press <TAB> to use one completion.
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