more screenshots and intro to systemd
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@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ Step by step walk-through of a VM creation in virtualbox with some notes on each
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## Breakdown of the Debian installation
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@ -102,19 +101,120 @@ Which software is installed by default?
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How can you tweak the system settings such as language, keyboard, networking?
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Can you install extra software?
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## Quick look at an idle system
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## Package managers
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* what is a [package manager](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package_manager)
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### Graphical installation
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### Command line installation
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```bash
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ htop
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-bash: htop: command not found
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ apt install htop
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E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: Permission denied)
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E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), are you root?
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo apt install htop
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[sudo] password for waldek:
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Reading package lists... Done
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Building dependency tree... Done
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Reading state information... Done
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Suggested packages:
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lm-sensors strace
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The following NEW packages will be installed:
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htop
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0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
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Need to get 127 kB of archives.
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After this operation, 328 kB of additional disk space will be used.
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Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 htop amd64 3.0.5-7 [127 kB]
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Fetched 127 kB in 0s (2,030 kB/s)
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Selecting previously unselected package htop.
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(Reading database ... 141359 files and directories currently installed.)
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Preparing to unpack .../htop_3.0.5-7_amd64.deb ...
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Unpacking htop (3.0.5-7) ...
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Setting up htop (3.0.5-7) ...
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Processing triggers for mailcap (3.69) ...
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Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1) ...
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Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
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Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1) ...
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Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.4-2) ...
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waldek@hellodebian:~$
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```
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### Adding a secondary desktop environment
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### Changing the runlevel
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The **first** process started by the kernel can be discover by `htop` and is `/usr/sbin/init`.
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This is rather vague but we can find out a *bit* more about this program via `ls` which we'll get into more detail later.
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For now just have a look at the output of the following commmand.
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```bash
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ ls -l /usr/sbin/init
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Jul 13 2021 /usr/sbin/init -> /lib/systemd/systemd
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waldek@hellodebian:~$
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```
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Now, what *is* this [systemd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd)?
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And more importantly, *how* do we interact with it?
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For now just accept that the main program to communicate with `systemd` is `systemctl`.
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A quick look at the `man` pages gives us the following.
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```bash
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SYSTEMCTL(1) systemctl SYSTEMCTL(1)
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NAME
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systemctl - Control the systemd system and service manager
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SYNOPSIS
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systemctl [OPTIONS...] COMMAND [UNIT...]
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DESCRIPTION
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systemctl may be used to introspect and control the state of the "systemd" system and service manager. Please refer to systemd(1) for an
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introduction into the basic concepts and functionality this tool manages.
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```
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```bash
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
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[sudo] password for waldek:
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Removed /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo reboot now
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```
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```bash
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
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[sudo] password for waldek:
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Removed /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.
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waldek@hellodebian:~$ sudo reboot now
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```
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