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@ -1184,6 +1184,18 @@ while counter <= 10:
print("after the loop, counter: {}".format(counter)) print("after the loop, counter: {}".format(counter))
``` ```
<details>
<summary>Another example</summary>
```python3
FirstValue = 2
SecondValue = 0
while FirstValue>SecondValue:
print("The second value is bigger")
SecondValue = SecondValue + 1
```
</details>
Two *extra* things might look new to you here. Two *extra* things might look new to you here.
First the `import time` and `time.sleep(1)`, can you tell me what it does? First the `import time` and `time.sleep(1)`, can you tell me what it does?
@ -1374,13 +1386,13 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
There is three types of logical operators. All operators returns boolean. There is three types of logical operators. All operators returns boolean.
| Operator | Result | | Operator | Result |
|-----------------|----------------------------------------------| |-----------------|---------------------------------------------|
| **And** | It send 'True' if all conditions are true | | **And** | It send `True` if all conditions are true |
| **Or** | It send 'True' if one of conditions are true | | **Or** | It send `True` if one of conditions are true |
| **Not** | It reverse the boolean result | | **Not** | It reverse the boolean result |
Let's start example with 'And' operator! Let's start example with `And` operator !
```python3 ```python3
CustomerName = "Jean" CustomerName = "Jean"
@ -1394,9 +1406,51 @@ if CustomerAgreement and DealerAgreement :
else: else:
print(f"Oh no {CustomerName} and {DealerName} are disagreed ;( ") print(f"Oh no {CustomerName} and {DealerName} are disagreed ;( ")
``` ```
As you can guess, Jean and Paul are agreeing to the deal. If I had put 'False' in DealerAgreement, the result will be inverse. As you can guess, Jean and Paul are agreeing to the deal. If I had put 'False' in DealerAgreement boolean, the result will be inverse.
Let's show an another example with the `Or` operator.
````python3
def Choice_cold_hot(Temperature):
if Temperature <= 20 or Temperature >= 40:
print("Don't go outside")
else:
print("Let's go to the beach")
if __name__ == "__main__":
Temperature = int(input("What is the temperature"))
Choice_cold_hot(Temperature)
````
Look at this code, if the temperature is smaller than 20° or bigger than 40°, you must stay home and don't go to the beach. So, if I put 35° for temperature, it will say that you should go to the beach.
Let's make an exercise. You have to take the previous code and use the `And` operator.
<details>
<summary>Spoiler warning</summary>
````python3
def Choice_cold_hot(Temperature):
if Temperature >= 20 and Temperature <= 40:
print("Let's go to the beach")
else:
print("Don't go outside")
if __name__ == "__main__":
Temperature = int(input("What is the temperature"))
Choice_cold_hot(Temperature)
````
</details>
Now, we have used that operators, we can use the last logical operator. The `Not` operator sends the reverse of the result.
````python3
if __name__ == "__main__":
Gas = input("Do you want some gas")
if not Gas.startswith("y"):
print("Ok, no problem")
else:
print("That will be expensive")
````
In this example, if you tap yes, the result will be reversed.
# Lists # Lists
The different built-in objects we've seen until now, such as `str` and `int` are simple [text](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#text-sequence-type-str) and [numeric](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex) types. The different built-in objects we've seen until now, such as `str` and `int` are simple [text](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#text-sequence-type-str) and [numeric](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex) types.
@ -1537,6 +1591,16 @@ print("{} closes the door behind him...".format(friend.capitalize()))
**TODO pizza function with multiple arguments** **TODO pizza function with multiple arguments**
<details>
<summary>Simpler example</summary>
````python3
for i in range(5):
print(i)
````
</details>
# Coding challenge - Cheerleader chant # Coding challenge - Cheerleader chant
Can you make me a program that outputs this type of cheerleader chant? Can you make me a program that outputs this type of cheerleader chant?
@ -2630,101 +2694,118 @@ TODO add a countdown timer to the multiple choice game
TODO event loop introduction TODO event loop introduction
## wxpython helloworld ## Tkinter helloworld
The absolute most basic way to have a *hello world* GUI program up and running with wxpython is the following. The absolute most basic way to have a *hello world* GUI program up and running with Tkinter is the following.
```python ```python
import wx from tkinter import *
app = wx.App() root = Tk()
frame = wx.Frame(None, title="hello world") MyLabel = Label(root,text="hello world")
MyLabel.pack()
frame.Show() root.mainloop()
app.MainLoop()
``` ```
Tkinter have two popular architectures, the Tcl and Tk. This two architectures are different, they have their own functionality and their own official documentation.
We are gonna use the Tk architecture.
The Tk architecture is used to create a GUI widget. He adds a lot of custom commands, so the widget is very customizable.
In the previous code,the `mainloop()` instruction allows us to open the main window and to not close immediately the window.
And then, the `Label()` method creates label in a layout. This method has many parameters to customize a label. The instruction `pack()` will be always call , this instruction can
add and adjust a widget.
While it works we know better by now. While it works we know better by now.
We should include the `if __name__ == "__main__"` statement. We should include the `if __name__ == "__main__"` statement.
```python ```python
import wx from tkinter import *
if __name__ == "__main__": if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App() root = Tk()
frame = wx.Frame(None, title="hello world")
frame.Show() MyLabel = Label(root,text="hello world")
app.MainLoop() MyLabel.pack()
root.mainloop()
``` ```
The instance of `wx.App` is what will actually process our event loop and the `wx.Frame` is the content of our window. The instance of `Tk()` is what will actually process our event loop and the `root` is the content of our window. We can customize `root` with instruction like geometry, title,etc.
In the latter we will create our button and labels so should create our own class and inherit from it. In the latter we will create our button and labels so should create our own class and inherit from it.
```python ```python
import wx from tkinter import *
class MainWindow(Frame):
class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self): def __init__(self):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") Frame.__init__(self,master=None)
self.Show() Label.__init__(self, text="hello world")
self.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__": if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App() root = Tk()
root.title("title of the window")
root.geometry("500x300")
win = MainWindow() win = MainWindow()
app.MainLoop() root.mainloop()
``` ```
We can add content to the *frame*, such as labels, input boxes and buttons as follows. We can add content to the *frame*, such as labels, input boxes and buttons as follows.
Note the first argument to the `wx.StaticText` creation.
This is *where* we put the label *into*.
It kind of works but we'll encounter a **problem** when we pack more visual **objects** into the same frame.
```python ```python
import wx from tkinter import *
class MainWindow(Frame):
class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self): def __init__(self):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") Frame.__init__(self,master=None)
self.label = wx.StaticText(self, label="this is a label") Label.__init__(self, text="hello world")
self.Show() #Label
MyLabel = Label(self, text="This is a label")
MyLabel.pack()
self.config(bg="yellow")
self.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__": if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App() root = Tk()
root.title("title of the window")
root.geometry("500x300")
win = MainWindow() win = MainWindow()
app.MainLoop() root.mainloop()
``` ```
Let's try to put multiple visual object into the same frame. Let's try to put multiple visual object into the same frame.
```python ```python3
import wx from tkinter import *
class MainWindow(Frame):
class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self): def __init__(self):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, title="hello world") Frame.__init__(self,master=None)
self.label = wx.StaticText(self, label="this is a label") Label.__init__(self, text="hello world")
self.input = wx.TextCtrl(self) #Label
self.button = wx.Button(self) MyLabel = Label(self, text="This is a label")
self.Show() MyLabel.pack()
#Button
MyButton = Button(self, text="I'm clickable!")
MyButton.pack()
self.config(bg="yellow")
self.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__": if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App() root = Tk()
root.title("title of the window")
root.geometry("500x300")
win = MainWindow() win = MainWindow()
app.MainLoop() root.mainloop()
``` ```
You see how they are *stacked* one on top of the other? You see how they are *stacked* one on top of the other?
We can overcome this problem with [sizers](https://wxpython.org/Phoenix/docs/html/sizers_overview.html). We can overcome this problem with parameters of [pack()](https://wxpython.org/Phoenix/docs/html/sizers_overview.html).
There are multiple ones we can use but let's dive into a first one called a **box sizer**. We can also use other geometry managers like [grid()](https://www.pythontutorial.net/tkinter/tkinter-grid/) and [place()](https://www.pythontutorial.net/tkinter/tkinter-place/).
```python ```python
import wx import wx